Nanostructure in energy conversion

Editorial Advanced Catalysis and Nanostructure Design for Solar Energy Conversion

1 International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China 2 Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 3 Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Environmental Futures Centre, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Aus...

Nanostructure by high-energy X-ray diffraction

X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) has long been used to determine the atomic-scale structure of materials. This technique is based on the fact that the wavelength of X-rays is comparable to the distances between atoms in condensed matter. When a material exhibiting a long-range (i.e. at least micrometers), periodic atomic order, such as a crystal, is irradiated with X-rays it acts as an extended, well-de...

Reinforcement Learning Based PID Control of Wind Energy Conversion Systems

In this paper an adaptive PID controller for Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) has been developed. Theadaptation technique applied to this controller is based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) theory. Nonlinearcharacteristics of wind variations as plant input, wind turbine structure and generator operational behaviordemand for high quality adaptive controller to ensure both robust stability an...

Bioelectrochemical Energy Conversion.

The interaction between photosynthetic microorganisms and an inert electrode material was examined. Cathodic polarization values of platinum-bearing marine algae were obtained over a wide current-density range under both illumination and dark conditions. A potential shift of 0.6 v in the cathodic direction occurred upon illumination at a current density of 4.3 mua/cm(2). Similar photo-induced r...

Biomass Energy Conversion